HATASO Journal Management System

Volume 3,Issue 2017, 2017

Volume 3, Issue 2017, Year 2017

Identification of Flavonoids (Quercetin, Gallic acid and Rutin) from Catharanthus roseus Plant Parts using Deep Eutectic Solvent

Antioxidant and Total Phenolic Content of Catharanthus roseus Using Deep Eutectic Solvent

Effects of Methanol Seed Extract of Aframomum melegueta (Alligator Pepper) on Wistar Rats with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazineinduced Hemolytic Anemia

The prevalence of parasitic infections such as malaria, which leads to decrease in hematological indices, the major cause of anemia, constitutes a serious health challenge in many developing countries such as Nigeria. This study investigated the effect of methanol seed extract of Aframomum melegueta on selected hematological indices of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH)-induced anemic rats model. The toxicity study and qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract were carried out using standard procedure. Twenty Wistar rats were grouped into five of four rats each (n 5 4). Group I: Normal control; Group II: Negative control; Group III: administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer (Standard drug); Group IV and V were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. of the extract, respectively. The animals of Groups II to V were induced with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (20 mg/kg b.w.) once daily for seven consecutive days; their blood samples were collected by ocular puncture into heparinized capillary tubes for hematological analysis and animals with packed cell volume (PCV)  30% reduction were considered anemic for the study. The result of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that the methanol extract tested positive to alkaloids, carbohydrate, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones. Acute toxicity and lethality studies on methanol extract showed an oral LD50 equal or less than 5000 mg/kg b.w. in mice. The rats administered 20 ml/kg b.w. of Astifer showed significant (P  0.05) increase in PCV, hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophils count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 200 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significantly (P  0.05) higher PCV and WBC count; non significant (P  0.05) decrease in hemoglobin count, RBC, platelet, neutrophils and lymphocyte count compared with the normal control animals. The rats administered 400 mg/kg b.w. of A. melegueta showed significant (P  0.05) increase in hemoglobin, platelet, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and neutrophils count; non significant (P  0.05) lower PCV, RBC, WBC count, and lymphocyte count compared with anemic rats administered with 0.3 ml of normal saline. It can be concluded that Aframomum melegueta seed has beneficial immunological and hematological properties in Wistar rats and possessed erythropoietic potentials at minimal dose that support its use for treating anemia.

Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction among Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Kidney Disease

Intake of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Decreases IL-1 and TNF-α Levels in Dyslipidemic Wistar Rat Model

Neglected Tropical Diseases: Treatment of Dermatological Manifestation of Filariasis with Combination Regimen of Albendazole, Ivermectin, and Loratadine: A Case Report from a Suburban Community in Nigeria

Influence of Rhizobacterium Inoculation on NaCl Salinity Tolerance in Pusa Sukomal and RC101 Varieties of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

Individual Lipids and Lipid Ratios in Type-2 Diabetic Patients: Association with Glycemic Control Status

Influence of Spirituality and Religion on Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in Calabar, Nigeria

Three-Frames Approach to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Quasi-Experimental Educational Intervention among Civil Servants in Calabar, Nigeria

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have continued to be a leading cause of death among adults. Civil servants constitute vital workforce, and high CVD burden in this group has implications for national productivity. Unfortunately, guided cardiovascular health education interventions are uncommon. This study assessed the effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and practice of CVD prevention among Nigerian civil servants. Quasi-experimental study design was employed among subjects in distant communities in Cross River State. Multistage technique was used to recruit 172 subjects into one control group (Ogoja) and two intervention groups (Calabar and Ikom). The first intervention group received 4-h daily, 5-day cardiovascular health education, with emphasis on burden, risk factors, and preventive measures including nutrition, stress, alcohol, medicals, exercise, and smoking. The second intervention group received the same content of education, but with the use of Food, Rest for stress management, Alcohol, Medicals, Exercise, and Smoking (FRAMES) as guide for delivery. Questionnaires were used to assess knowledge and practice at baseline and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Knowledge scores and practice of CVD prevention were compared between study groups using inferential statistics. Mean age was 46.3  7.4 years, and no significant difference in sociodemographic characteristics was observed by comparing the study groups (p  0.05). Baseline knowledge and practice of preventive measures were generally poor, and no significant difference was observed by comparing the groups (p  0.05). At 12 weeks post-intervention, knowledge of CVD was higher in the intervention groups compared with the control group (p  0.05). Unlike control group, both intervention groups had improvement in physical exercise, medical screening, and fruit consumption (p  0.05). There was no significant difference in postintervention knowledge and practice of CVD prevention by comparing both intervention groups (p  0.05). For effective delivery of cardiovascular health education, the use of “FRAMES” is as effective as its nonuse. Further studies in other settings are recommended.

Implication of Oxidative Stress in Small Intestine Disorders, Constipation and Diarrhea: A Mini Review

Osteoarthritis and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy: An Overview

Knowledge and Prevention of Nosocomial Infection among Ward Nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Pathophysiology and Surgical Approaches

Neuropsychiatric Impairment among Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia

Predictors of Sleep Disorders among HIV Out-Patients in a Tertiary Hospital

Clinical Correlates of Diarrhea and Gut Parasites among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Patients

Knowledge of Viral Hepatitis among MSM in a Sub-Saharan African City: A Cross-Sectional Study in Calabar, Nigeria

Time to Theatre of Acute Surgery Cases in Sanglah Hospital: A Hospital-Based Study

Practical Application of Dermatoglyphics in Disease Identification

Neonatal Deaths and Autopsy Rates in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: A 10-Year Trend Analysis in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria