Short Description: An Open-Access, Peer-Reviewed, Google Scholar indexed, Cabells WHITE-LISTED journal, publishing scholarly articles in Biology, Medicine, Agriculture & Allied Sciences.
E-ISSN: 2378-654X
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Publisher: HATASO - SynergyGlobal
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10.18639/RABM.2024.9800040
Short Communication
May 07, 2024
The purpose of this work is to summarize the biological methods available for assessing DNA damage in humans at present. There are several methods for determining single-strand DNA breaks, alkali-labile sites, and crosslinks, including comet assays, micronucleus assays, cytogenetics (which include sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration assays), DNA repair assays, oxidative DNA damage assays (measuring oxidized bases such as 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine), and oxidized bases. There are many factors to consider when determining the best method, including how to achieve the study's objectives, what type of DNA damage to measure, and what resources are available. Combining different techniques may also contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of DNA damage and its effects on human health. By standardizing assays and advancing technology, we will be able to determine DNA damage in humans more accurately.
10.18639/RABM.2024.9800039
Toxicology and Pharmacology
Jan 25, 2024
Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used in the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions in the tropics. Its easy accessibility without prescription has made it a commonly abused medication. The abuse has recently become worrisome as young adults in Nigeria have been observed to use diclofenac and alcohol for non-medical purposes concomitantly. This study was undertaken to study the nephrotoxic effect associated with the combined use of alcohol and diclofenac using an animal model and the protective effect of Vitis vinifera (Grape) seed and Carica papaya (pawpaw) seed. Adult albino rats were divided randomly into groups of six rats each, and each group was treated for 90 days with 5% or 45% alcohol with 2mg/kg diclofenac or 10mg/kg diclofenac, and some rats were treated with grape seed and/or pawpaw seed concomitantly. Diclofenac and 45% alcohol combination induced nephrotoxicity in rats and oxidative stress characterized by elevated serum urea and creatinine, increased malondialdehyde and decrease in reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase in kidney homogenate, as well as moderate interstitial congestion and hemorrhage in rat kidney histology section stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin, which was significantly ameliorated by the grape seed and pawpaw seed. There was a 1.32% increase in relative kidney weight in comparison with control rats. The severity of the nephrotoxicity observed with the diclofenac-alcohol combination makes it a very unsafe practice. There is a need to explore the nephroprotective benefits of Vitis vinifera seed and Carica papaya seed for maximum benefit to man.
10.18639/RABM.2023.9800038
Agriculture and Allied Sciences
Dec 30, 2023
A significant part of Indian food production involves fisheries and aquaculture, which contribute to agricultural exports and employ around fourteen million people. Since independence, the nation has consistently increased fish production as a result of its vast aquatic resources. A total of 6.3 percent of world fish production comes from the industry, which contributes 1.1 percent to GDP and 5.15 percent to agricultural GDP. A total of 10.07 million metric tons of fish are produced in the inland sector, and around 65 percent are produced in the cultural sector. Increasing fish diseases have slowed aquaculture production and product trade in India, threatening fishermen's livelihoods. Infections can be caused by a number of factors, including low physicochemical and microbiological quality of culture water, high stocking density, and poor nutrition. It is possible for seed fish and adults to become deformed and die from exposure to pollution and suspended particles. As a result of different opportunistic bacterial infections and parasites, the fish industry suffers a significant loss in mortality and morbidity, decreased growth, and increased chemical control and prevention costs.
