Hepatotoxicological Studies of an Ayurvedic Medicine “Brihat Khadir Batika” on Biological System of Male Sprague–Dawley Rats
“Brihat Khadir Batika” (BKD) is an ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in gingivitis in the
rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristics of BKD on liver function, it was administered
chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg. After 28 days of chronic administration
of the BKD preparation, the following effects on the hepatic function were noted. In this experiment, plasma
protein, albumin, serum bilirubin, and various serum enzymatic parameters were evaluated. The results of
the liver function tests are given below. There is a very highly statistically significant (P = 0.001) decrease in
the total protein in the serum of the male rat [12.67% decrease] and statistically insignificant (P = 0.558)
[2.24%] increase was observed in the albumin level in the serum of the male rat. There is a statistically
highly significant (P = 0.002) decrease in the globulin level in the serum of the male rat [28.44% decrease].
The albumin: globulin ratio is found to be statistically highly significant (P = 0.007) increase in the serum
of the male rat [39.04% increase]. The bilirubin level in the serum of the male rat is increased by [12.50%],
the increase though not significant, yet it was prominent (P = 0.170). The serum ALT level of the male rat
is found to increase, which is statistically significant (P = 0.023) [35.15% increase]. There is an [9.58%]
increase in the serum AST level of the male rat, the increase though not significant, yet it was prominent
(P = 0.231). Moreover, there is a statistically significant (P = 0.027) decrease in the serum LDH level of the
male rat [35.76% decrease]. The serum alkaline phosphatase level of the male rat is found to show statistically
insignificant (P = 0.514) [9.32%] decrease level. There is a negligible [2.20%] increase in the serum GGT level
of the male rat, which was statistically not at all significant (P = 0.892). From the study on ratio of different
enzyme activities it was noted that change in ALT was the most prominent, followed by AST and the GGT
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