Commentary
Jan 31, 2022
As the ocean gets deeper, it gets darker, colder, and less oxygen is available. Organisms that inhabit the aphotic zone and the deep-sea ecosystems within the aphotic zone have anomalous adaptations that help them survive in these difficult environments. Some organisms have such a large mouth that they can catch nutrients that fall from the depths of shallow waters. Others are adapting to obtain energy by chemically synthesizing chemicals from hydrothermal vents.
Commentary
Jan 31, 2022
The plant hypersensitive response (HR) is a rapid localized cell death that occurs at the point of pathogen penetration and is associated with disease resistance. While others had noted similar phenomena previously it is believed that E.C. Stakman (Stakman, 1915) first to use the term ‘hypersensitive’ mentioning the extreme resistance of certain grass hosts to Puccinia graminis, author said, “in such cases, the host plant is hypersensitive to fungi.
Perspective
Jan 31, 2022
The physiological responses of cytokines on binding to receptors include development of cellular and humoral immune response, induction of inflammatory response, regulation of haematopoiesis, control of cellular proliferation and differentiation and induction of wound healing. Other than this, the cytokines often induce the synthesis of other cytokines resulting in a cascade of activity in which the latter cytokines influence the activity of the former cytokines which secreted it. Finally, they function for a very limited period of time due to their short half-life in the blood stream and extracellular fluids Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a role in the development of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
Perspective
Jan 31, 2022
Other promising therapeutic strategies that activate cancer cell apoptosis include agents that induce exogenous apoptosis pathways, agents that target tumor suppressor pathways or tumor microenvironments, and drug combination therapies. The antitumor effects of several FDAapproved drugs that target the cell survival and proliferation pathways of cancer cells also depend on their effects on the apoptotic signalling pathway. Both cell-mediated immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition induce apoptosis of cancer cells via extrinsic pathways. The potential for enhancing this effect with combination therapies (targeted therapy, cell proliferation inhibitors or radiation therapy) is currently being investigated.
Editorial
Nov 29, 2021
DNA Microarrays in Medicine.
Not applicable.
Editorial
Nov 29, 2021
Sasang Constitutional Medicine.
Not applicable.
Research Article
Nov 25, 2021
Risk Factors Related with Antenatal Care.
Background: Maternal wellbeing alludes to the prosperity of women through pregnancy, labor and the post pregnancy period. The major goal of this study was to survey risk factors related with Antenatal care Service use among pregnant ladies at regenerative age in Bale zone Sinana District, Ethiopia. Methods: Data were obtained from primary sources. To dissect the information, descriptive and Bayesian multilevel binary logistic regression of random coefficient model was utilized. The convergence of parameters is assessed by Monte Carlo Markov Chain utilizing Stata 16 and MLwiN 2.31 programming. Results: The descriptive results showed that out of the whole 636 pregnant women considered in this study around 60.5 percent were get Antenatal care benefit whereas 39.5 percent were not get the benefit. According to the results of the Bayesian Multilevel binary logistic random cofficient model, Marital status, Weeks visited by health workers, Comfortability of road, Advice before start the service, getting education regarding maternal health care service, Husband attitude, awareness to difficulty of pregnancy and Wealth index level were found to be the significant determinants for Antenatal care service use among pregnant women in Bale Zone sinana district. The assessed posterior mean for utilize of antenatal care service is 1.070 with a posterior standard deviation 0.816 at 95% level of significance. Varieties between the kebeles in terms of antenatal care benefit utilize were lessening by 0.9 percent in random coefficient model. Conclusion: At long last, based on the finding of this consider, the authors conclude that there were high dispersion of pregnant women not to utilize antenatal care benefit and the likelihood of Antenatal care benefit utilize was found to rise with expanding husband occupation, Wealth index, Age category 25-34 and Husband education level.
Research Article
Nov 25, 2021
Anaemia Status and Its Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia.
Anaemia is a significant public health problem that affects more than fifty six million women globally. In pregnancy, it is haemoglobin concentration of less than eleven gram per decilitre in venous blood and has significant adverse health consequences, on pregnant women. The major objective of this study is to investigate Anaemia status and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The data source for this study was 2016 Ethiopia demographic health survey data. A total of 1053 pregnant women were considered in this study. Partial Proportional odds model use in the analysis of determinant of risk factors of Anaemia status among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Among the total, 1053 pregnant women involved in this study 32 were severe anaemic, 214 were moderate anaemic and 395 were mild anaemic whereas 658 were non-anaemic. The highest proportions of severe anaemic among pregnant women were observed in the region of Somali (10.98%) whereas the smallest were in Tigray region. According to the results of Partial Proportional odds Model; region, wealth index, educational level, iron taking status, parity and residence were found to be significantly associated with Anaemia status of pregnant women in Ethiopia. Finally, the author conclude that Education status, iron take, wealth index, residence, parity and region identified as prognostic factors of Anaemia status among pregnant women age 15-49.Therefore, action targeting on these predictors variables are necessary to improve the Anaemia status of pregnant women in Ethiopia.
Research Article
Nov 25, 2021
Tuberculosis and Associated factors Among Treated Patients.
Introduction: Tuberculosis is the disease with the second highest incidence rate and causes the highest mortality rate among communicable diseases in Ethiopia. Recurrent disease is an essential issue in survival analysis: where the same event is observed on the same subject (patient) more than once. Recurrence of TB is still a major problem in high burden countries, where there is lack of resources and no special attention is being given to this issue. The rate of recurrence is highly variable and has been estimated to range from 4.9% to 47%. Methods: The data for this study was extracted from 338 Tuberculosis patients’ during monthly follow-up period (2010-2016). Descriptive statistics such as frequency table was used to summarize the data. Log-Normal frailty model were used in determining the risk factors associated with time to recurrence of Tuberculosis disease. Results: Recurrence of tuberculosis was highest (21.3%) among patients in the age group 26-40 years. Out of 338 subjects, 62.2% of tuberculosis human immune deficiency virus Positive and 78.4% of the patients were alcohol drinker. The results of shared log-normal frailty indicate that initial body weight (P ≤ 0.05, CI = (1.02, 1.05), past medical history (P ≤ 0.05, CI (1.60-4.44), TB category (P ≤ 0.05, CI:(1.36 - 3.76), residence(P ≤ 0.05, CI: (1.37-2.90), HIV status (P ≤ 0.05, CI: (0.48-0.96), alcohol use (P ≤ 0.05, CI: (0.32-0.76), localization of TB (P ≤ 0.05, CI: (0.44- 1.01) were the most prognostic factors for the recurrence of tuberculosis. Conclusion: The author concludes that Patients with risky behaviours, such as alcohol consumption and risky clinical factors, such as positive HIV status or previous family history, have a higher recurrence. Therefore, considerable attention should be given to those significant explanatory variables in order to reduce recurrence of Tuberculosis.
Miscellaneous
Oct 29, 2021
Biology and Biomarkers.
Not applicable.
Editorial
Oct 29, 2021
Diagnostic Biomarkers.
Not applicable.
Miscellaneous
Oct 28, 2021
Synthetic Biology.
Not applicable.
Miscellaneous
Oct 27, 2021
Cell Regeneration.
Not applicable.
Miscellaneous
Oct 27, 2021
Nonlinear Dynamics.
Not applicable.
Research Article
Oct 20, 2021
Hyperprolactinemia in Psychiatric Patients Taking Antipsychotic Medications.
Hyperprolactinemia is one of the commonest side effects in patients taking antipsychotics, and the tendency of antipsychotics to elevate plasma prolactin level is dose dependent. This study aims to investigate the relationship between use of antipsychotic medications and hyperprolactinemia among mentally ill patients. This is a longitudinal study. From 90 consenting antipsychotic naïve patients and all of whom have met the inclusion criteria, sociodemographic interview schedule was administered. Next, venous blood sample was collected for estimation of serum prolactin level and repeated after 8 weeks. Overall prevalence of hyperprolactinemia is 30%; there is a correlation between hyperprolactinemia and chlorpromazine equivalent dose of antipsychotics (r = 0.397; p < 0.001); there is no association between hyperprolactinemia and class of antipsychotic, and the greatest predictor of hyperprolactinemia was found to be the dose of antipsychoti c medication used. Hyperprolactinemia may result from the use of typical or atypical antipsychotic medications, and the dose of antipsychotic medication used is the greatest predictor of hyperprolactinemia.
