HATASO Journal Management System

Volume 4,Issue 2013, 2013

May-10-2021

Volume 4, Year 2013

A Common Concept of Population Dynamics Applicable to Both Thrips imaginis (Thysanoptera) and the Pacific Stock of the Japanese Sardine (Sardinops melanostictus)

Distribution and Abundance of Finfish Eggs from Muthupettai, South East Coast of India

Mattress Making Using Typha latifolia and Cyprus Species of Chefa Wetland in Kemissie, Ethiopia: A Means for Livelihood Improvement

Microfloral Diversity in Fish: An Editorial

Mouldy Groundnut Cake and Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate in Practical Diet for African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

The study was designed to detect fungi and quantify aflatoxins B1 and B2 microbial load levels and toxin binding efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) on growth and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus African catfish fingerlings diet formulated with mouldy groundnut cake (MGNC). MGC containing 185.00 ± 7.07 µg/kg and 137.50 ± 10.00 µg/kg of aflatoxins B1 and B2 was incorporated into practical diets. Three practical isoproteinous diets were formulated. Diet 1 contained Groundnut Cake (GNC) with 0.20 ± 0.14 cfu microbial load but no apparent mould contamination. Diet 2 contained MGC 4.38 ± 0.40, 1.99 ± 0.01 µg/kg of aflatoxins B1 , B2 and 2.20 ± 0.14 cfu microbial load. Diet 3 contained MGC, HSCAS; 3.49 ± 0.20, 1.34 ± 0.01 µg/kg and 1.35 ± 0.20 cfu of aflatoxins B1 , B2 and microbial load, respectively. The diets were fed twice daily to Clarias gariepinus fingerlings mean body weight 1.68 ± 0.01g in triplicate of 20 fish each for 12 weeks. Six fungi; Aspergillus parasiticus, A. flavus, A. niger, A. tamarii, Penicillium citriinum and P. oxalicum were isolated from MGNC diet. Addition of HSCAS reduced fungi present in diet 3 to A. flavus, A. tamarii and P. oxalicum. Also aflatoxins B1 , B2 and microbial load in the diet and carcass of Clarias gariepinus were reduced with HSCAS inclusion in diet 3. Feeding African catfish fingerlings with mould contaminated diet (2) significantly (P<0.05) reduced growth performance and feed utilization but had no significant (P>0.05) effect on survival of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. The results of this study show that the inclusion of HSCAS reduced the number of fungi, microbial load and aflatoxins B1 and B2 in the carcass and diet of African catfish formulated with mouldy GNC. But was not effective in alleviating the growth depression induced by mould contamination of the diet. Hence the need for identification of toxins present in mould contaminated feedstuffs in order to design effective toxins management strategies.

Phosphorus and Nitrogen Budgets for Inland, Saline Water Shrimp Ponds in Alabama

Semen of Beluga, Huso huso: Ionic Content and Osmolality of Seminal Plasma and Their Physiological Correlation with Sperm Motility Indices

The Study of Temporal Dynamics of Phytoplankton Biomass and Species Composition in Relation to Some Physical and Chemical Factors, Lake Kuriftu, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Biomass of phytoplankters in relation to the physical and chemical conditions of the water column in Lake Kuriftu was studied from August 2005 to April 2006. The sampling stations of the present study were selected from contrasting segments of Lake Kuriftu as impacted at shore and non-impacted at the center. Secchi depth was estimated with a standard Secchi disc of 20 cm diameter while pH was measured in situ by a portable digital pH meter and temperature was determined with a digital oxygen meter. Nitrate-N was determined by the Zinc Reduction Procedure while phosphate and silica were measured calorimetrically by the Ascorbic Acid and Molybdosilicate methods. Phytoplankters samples were examined with an inverted microscope and identification to genus or species level was made on the basis of the various taxonomic literatures available on phytoplankters. The concentration of Chlorophyll a was calculated by using absorbance measurements made at 665 and 750 nm to calculate the biomass. All the physical, chemical and biological parameters measured varied spatially and temporally. The Lake’s transparency (ZSD) was always less than 0.6 m with smaller values coincident with periods of rainfall and negatively correlated (r=-0.36) with phytoplankters biomass. The chemistry of the lake was basically similar to the dilute East African lake waters, with maximum pH and total alkalinity values of 8.8 and 3.1 mEq/l, respectively. The inorganic nutrients, which were of moderately high levels varied temporally as a function of hydrological, hydrographic and biological conditions of the lake. The phytoplankters community which was consistently dominated by cyanobacteria exhibited low species diversity. Phytoplankters biomass measured as chlorophyll a varied from 18.35 to 45.18 mg Chl a m-3 at the near-shore station and from 17.24 to 55.6 mg Chl a m-3 at the central station. The variations of the parameters indicates how one is influenced by the other and influences the others in a given ecosystems.

Effect of Diplostomum Species on Length–Weight Relationship of Farmed Nile Tilapia in Kibos Area, Kisumu City, Kenya

Influence of Live and Dry Diets on Growth and Survival of Chub (Leuciscus cephalus) Larvae

Ecological and Biodiversity Friendly Approach to Post Larval Shrimp (PLS) Collection in Ghana

A new approach to post larval shrimp (PLS) collection using a locally designed PLS trawler has been successfully tried in the Volta Estuary of Ghana for 3 years (2000, 2002 and 2005). The PLS trawler had 4 major components: the pulley system, the post larvae (PL) collector, the control room and a work space. The PL collector had an aperture area of 0.433m2 and a volume of 0.389m3 . Trawling for PLS was made at designated water depths at trawl speed of approximately 0.25 knots (0.128m/s). Each trawl session lasted for 10min and was replicated. The distance traversed by the PL collector in a trawl session was estimated at 77.07m and covered a swept area of 33.40m2 . The associated volume of water filtered through the PL collector was 33.38m³. The average number of PLS collected per trawl session ranged from 682 6 604 to 758 6 761 at high tide and from 324 6 273 to 414 6 248 at low tide. The ‘other larvae’ (OL) (by-catch discards) collected in the PL collector comprised of the larvacean, Oikopleura spp.; the chaetognatha, Parasagitta (Sagittidae) spp.; crab larvae and fish larvae. Mean OL numbers collected for each trawl session ranged from 295 6 188 to 349 6 292 at high tide and from 257 6 164 to 396 6 261 at low tide. Total PLS collected over 36 trawl months spread over a period of 3 years was 39,549. The corresponding OL numbers was estimated at 21,543. The OL (by-catch discards) to PLS ratio per trawl session was thus estimated at 54.47%. The comparatively low catches of the OL was attributed to the combined effect of the filtering efficiency of the 500µ mesh PL collector net, the ability of the PL trawler to sample at variable water depths and the relatively shorter time of 10min used in a trawl session. This method of PLS collection would provide a viable and reliable alternative to the marine resources (by-catch) destruction which accompanies wild PLS harvest and also ensure biodiversity preservation in the Ghanaian coastal region. The mode of operation of the PL trawler and its operational efficiency is presented and discussed

Utilization of Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Meal as Dietary Supplement by African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)

Morphogenesis, Pathogenesis, Detection and Transmission Risks of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimps

Potentials of Kunnu Waste as Dietary Supplement for African Catfish Fingerlings

Measuring Body Size in Small Marine Fishes: A Comparison of Three Non-intrusive Methods

Estimating Largemouth Bass Age: Precision and Comparisons among Scales, Pectoral Fin Rays, and Dorsal Fin Spines as Nonlethal Methods

Assessment of Probiotic Application on Natural Food, Water Quality and Growth Performance of Saline Tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus L. Cultured in Concrete Tanks

Commercial Fishery Catch Characteristics and Population Assessment of the Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the Western North

Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Abundance and Distribution of Juvenile Ladyfish (Elops saurus) in Florida Waters (USA)

Do Rainbow Trout and Their Hybrids Outcompete Cutthroat Trout in a Lentic Ecosystem?

Much has been written about introduced rainbow trout interbreeding and outcompeting native cutthroat trout. However, the specific mechanisms by which rainbow trout and their hybrids outcompete cutthroat trout have not been thoroughly explored, and most of the published data is limited to lotic ecosystems. Samples of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri), the rainbow-cutthroat hybrid, the cutbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss x clarkii), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), were obtained from a lentic ecosystem (Eleven Mile Reservoir, Colorado) by creel surveys conducted from May to October, 2012. The total length and weight of each fish was measured and the relative condition factor of each fish was computed using expected weight from weight-length relationships from the Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife (CDPW). Data from the CDPW collected from 2003 – 2010 in the same lentic ecosystem were used to compute relative condition factors for additional comparison, as was independent creel survey data from 2011. The data was also compared with minimum, 25th percentile, mean, 75th percentile, and maximum weight-length curves generated from independent North American data. Cutthroat trout were plump: the mean relative condition factor of the cutthroat trout was 112.0% (± 1.0%). Cutbow hybrid trout were close to the expected weights with a mean relative condition factor of 99.8% (± 0.6%). Rainbow trout were thinner with a mean relative condition factor of 96.4% (± 1.4%). Comparing mean relative condition factors of CDPW data from earlier years and plotting the 2012 data relative to percentile curves also shows the same trend of cutthroat trout being plumper than expected and rainbow trout being thinner than the cutthroat trout, with the hybrid cutbow trout in between. This data supports the hypothesis that rainbow trout do not outcompete cutthroat trout in lentic ecosystems. Comparison with data from three other Colorado reservoirs also shows that cutthroat trout tend to be more plump than rainbow trout and their hybrids in sympatric lentic ecosystems.

Evaluation of Growth Response and Food Utilization Efficiency in Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters), Fingerlings Fed Supplemented Dietary Protein Levels with Varying Feeding Rates in Concrete Tanks

Spatio-temporal Variation in Distribution and Relative Abundance of Mid-Atlantic Bight Fishes and Invertebrates off the Coast of New Jersey (USA)